Persepsi Orangtua dan Praktisi terhadap Hak Asuh Anak Pra-Tamyiz dalam Konteks Kewarisan Islam: Antara Perlindungan Anak dan Keadilan Distributif Harta Waris
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.022025/k2d40715Keywords:
Child Custody, Distributive Justice, Islamic heritage, Pre-Tamyiz, Child ProtectionAbstract
The determination of post-divorce pre-tamyiz child custody in Islamic family law is often separate from the management of child inheritance, creating tensions between child protection and distributive justice of inheritance. This study aims to analyze the perception of parents and legal practitioners about the relationship between custody and inheritance rights of children, as well as formulate an integrative model that harmonizes the two principles. This type of research is qualitative with an interpretive phenomenological approach. The data source consisted of 28 informants who were recruited purposively, including 12 parents (6 mothers and 6 fathers) who were divorced and had pre-tamyiz children with inheritance, 8 judges of the Religious Court from three regions (South Jakarta, Bandung, Bantul), 5 advocates, and 3 mediators. The results of the study show three main findings. First, most parents have a separate perception between custody and inheritance, making it difficult for the mother who holds custody to access the inheritance of the child who is controlled by the father's family. Second, legal practitioners recognize that there is a normative tension between the principle of the best interests of the child and distributive justice, but in judicial practice the two cases are always separated. Third, three resolution strategies are identified: separate litigation, informal negotiation, and merging roles, with the third strategy being the most ideal but the least common. This research resulted in an integrative model that requires the court to conduct a comprehensive assessment and decide on three options: the custodian as a guardian, a formal guardian with periodic reports, or an independent guardian. This model is recommended to be adopted in PERMA to protect children's rights holistically
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